Sea level rise is one of the most important - and potentially devastating - impacts of climate change. I'm so pleased to have the fantastic @ClimateAdam with me to explain how sea level has changed over the recent (and less recent) past. And to find out how sea level might change in the future, head over to Adam's channel here 👉https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCCu5wtZ5uOWZp_roz7wHPfg (and don't forget to subscribe while you're there if you haven't already!) ================================ %%% ================================ Did you love this video? If you did, you can support us both on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/Dr_Gilbz and https://www.patreon.com/ClimateAdam ================================ %%% ================================ ## References Beckley et al. (2017) On the “Cal-Mode” Correction to TOPEX Satellite Altimetry and Its Effect on the Global Mean Sea Level Time Series. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 122 (11) 8371-8384. https://doi.org/10.1002/2017JC013090 Chen et al. (2013) Contribution of ice sheet and mountain glacier melt to recent sea level rise. Nature Geoscience. DOI:10.1038/NGEO1829 Frederikse et al. (2020) The causes of sea-level rise since 1900. Nature 584, 393–397 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2591-3 IPCC (2019) IPCC Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate [H.-O. Pörtner, D.C. Roberts, V. Masson-Delmotte, P. Zhai, M. Tignor, E. Poloczanska, K. Mintenbeck, A. Alegría, M. Nicolai, A. Okem, J. Petzold, B. Rama, N.M. Weyer (eds.)]. IPCC (2021) Summary for Policymakers. In: Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [MassonDelmotte, V., P. Zhai, A. Pirani, S.L. Connors, C. Péan, S. Berger, N. Caud, Y. Chen, L. Goldfarb, M.I. Gomis, M., Huang, K. Leitzell, E. Lonnoy, J.B.R. Matthews, T.K. Maycock, T. Waterfield, O. Yelekçi, R. Yu, and B. Zhou (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press. In Press Kemp, A.C., Dutton, A. & Raymo, M.E. Paleo Constraints on Future Sea-Level Rise. Curr Clim Change Rep 1, 205–215 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40641-015-0014-6 Miller et al. (2019) Peak sea level during the warm Pliocene: Errors, limitations, and constraints. Past Global Changes Magazine 27(1) 4-5 https://doi.org/10.22498/pages.27.1.4 Slater et al. (2020) Review article: Earth's ice imbalance The Cryosphere, 15, 233–246, 2021 https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-15-233-2021 Slater et al. (2021) Earth's ice imbalance. The Cryosphere 15, 233–246.

The IPCC's latest report about the physical science of climate change comes out today. And it's not bedtime reading. It contains the strongest evidence yet of the damage we are doing to the planet and the dramatic shifts we are causing in our climate system. It shows even more starkly what could happen if we continue to emit greenhouse gases into the atmosphere - including irreversible changes that would reshape our world completely. And it reinforces the same message that climate scientists have been giving for decades: every tonne of CO2 matters.

The enormous West Antarctic Ice Sheet contains enough ice to raise global sea levels by 3.3 m - coastline-changing amounts. But is it becoming less stable? And is it going to collapse in the near future? The short answer is that it's down to us: what we do now will determine the future of the Antarctic and the rest of the planet as we know it. ================================ %%% ============================ ## Some excellent articles and resources http://www.antarcticglaciers.org/antarctica-2/west-antarctic-ice-sheet-2/ https://www.carbonbrief.org/guest-post-how-close-is-the-west-antarctic-ice-sheet-to-a-tipping-point https://www.carbonbrief.org/guest-post-overshooting-2c-risks-rapid-and-unstoppable-sea-level-rise-from-antarctica ## References Bromwich et al. (2013) Central West Antarctica among the most rapidly warming regions on Earth. Nature Geoscience 6 139–145 https://www.nature.com/articles/ngeo1671 DeConto et al. (2021) The Paris Climate Agreement and future sea-level rise from Antarctica https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-021-03427-0 Edwards et al. (2021) Projected land ice contributions to twenty-first-century sea level rise. Nature 593, 74-82 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03302-y Fretwell et al. (2013). Bedmap2: improved ice bed, surface and thickness datasets for Antarctica, The Cryosphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-7-375-2013 Huybrechts (2009) West-side story of Antarctic ice. Nature 458, 295–296 https://doi.org/10.1038/458295a Jun et al. (2020) The internal origin of the west-east asymmetry of Antarctic climate change. Science Advances (24) eaaz1490, www.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aaz1490 Lhermitte et al. (2020) Damage accelerates ice shelf instability and mass loss in Amundsen Sea Embayment. PNAS 117 (40) 24735-24741 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1912890117 Pattyn et al. (2018) The Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets under 1.5°C global warming. Nature Climate Change 8, 1053–1061 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-018-0305-8 Pattyn & Morlighem (2020) The uncertain future of the Antarctic Ice Sheet. Science 367 (6484) 1331-1335. www.doi.org/10.1126/science.aaz5487 ================================ %%% ============================ Did you love this video? If you did, you can support me on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/Dr_Gilbz

What's wispy and feathery and made of ice? You got it - it's a cirrus cloud. Cirrus are pretty cool - you can use them to forecast the weather, and despite their flimsy appearances, they actually have a pretty important effect on global climate. ********** If you liked this video and want to support me, please consider becoming a patron on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/Dr_Gilbz

What is going to happen to Antarctic ice shelves in the near future? How will ice shelves around the continent respond to temperature rise, increased atmospheric humidity and other climatic changes? In a new paper, published in Geophysical Research Letters, we show that melt and runoff increase with warming, meaning that ice shelves are at greater risk of hydrofracturing-induced collapse. Those particularly vulnerable include the Larsen C, Wilkins, Pine Island and Shackleton ice shelves. Gilbert & Kittel (2021) "Surface melt and runoff on Antarctic ice shelves at 1.5°C, 2°C and 4°C of future warming". Geophysical Research Letters (in press). doi: 10.1029/2020GL091733. Read the full paper (open access) here: https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2020GL091733 And read our Carbon Brief article here: https://www.carbonbrief.org/guest-post-the-fate-of-antarctic-ice-shelves-at-1-5c-2c-and-4c-of-warming

I'm a climate scientist, and also a woman, which apparently means I'm fair game to receive unsolicited quackery from climate deniers and Men On The Internet (who sometimes even happen to be the same people!). Sharing is caring, so I asked some of my colleagues to contribute the most hilarious and outrageous correspondence that they had received. Funnily enough, there's a few people who crop up a lot - seems like they have nothing better to do than harass scientists online. So, here I am, reading some of the highlights for your delight and titillation. You're welcome. With eternal thanks to contributors: Dr. Jenny Turton, Dr. Laura Wilcox, Heather Selley, Kimberley Reid, Victoria May and Dr. Thomas Rackow ============================================================ Sound FX from Freesound: Sounds effects: Beetlemuse / Gentleman walrus / GMD_Three If you liked this video, please consider supporting me on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/Dr_Gilbz

I'm a climate scientist, and also a woman, which apparently means I'm fair game to receive unsolicited quackery from climate deniers and Men On The Internet (who sometimes even happen to be the same people!). Sharing is caring, so I asked some of my colleagues to contribute the most hilarious and outrageous correspondence that they had received. Funnily enough, there's a few people who crop up a lot - seems like they have nothing better to do than harass scientists online. So, here I am, reading some of the highlights for your delight and titillation. You're welcome. With my thanks to contributors: Dr. Jenny Turton, Dr. Laura Wilcox, Heather Selley, Kimberley Reid, Victoria May and Dr. Thomas Rackow ============================================================ Sound FX from Freesound: Sounds effects: Beetlemuse / Gentleman walrus / GMD_Three If you liked this video, please consider supporting me on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/Dr_Gilbz

What on Earth is the IPO? TL;DR • The IPO is a multi-decadal pressure pattern that influences weather • It varies over long timescales • It may have played a role in the so-called global warming “hiatus” The IPO is a complex climate pattern that involves interactions between the atmosphere and ocean, similar to ENSO, but less well understood. It's also related to the Pacific Decadal Oscillation, which occurs over a different part of the Pacific Ocean. But how is it related to climate change? Can it explain the global 'pause' in warming? Is it even a thing??? ... watch on to find out. ============================================================= If you like these videos and would like to help me make more of them, please consider supporting me on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/Dr_Gilbz​ ============================================================= References and further reading Henley et al. (2017) ESL https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/aa5cc8 (open access) Andrew Watkins & Karl Braganza, 2012 article - https://theconversation.com/decade-to-decade-changes-in-our-climate-whats-really-going-on-7226 (article) Benjamin Henley et al., 2017 article - https://theconversation.com/meet-el-ninos-cranky-uncle-that-could-send-global-warming-into-hyperdrive-72360 (article) Hua et al. (2018) https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1029/2018GL079033 (open access) Meehl et al. (2016) Nature Comms https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms11718 (open access) Newman et al. (2016) J. Clim. https://journals.ametsoc.org/view/journals/clim/29/12/jcli-d-15-0508.1.xml (open access) Dong & Dai (2015) J. Clim. Dyn. https://www.cgd.ucar.edu/cas/adai/papers/DongDai-CD2015-IPO.pdf (open access) Mann et al., (2020) Nature https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-019-13823-w Meehl et al. (2013) J. Clim. https://journals.ametsoc.org/view/journals/clim/26/18/jcli-d-12-00548.1.xml (open access) Roz Pidcock, 2013 article ttps://www.carbonbrief.org/new-study-pacific-ocean-holds-the-key-to-surface-warming-hiatus (article) Verdon & Franks (2006) Long‐term behaviour of ENSO: Interactions with the PDO over the past 400 years inferred from paleoclimate records https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1029/2005GL025052